The black pine belongs to the Pinaceae family (pine family). The black pine can be distinguished from other pine species by the concealed parts of its cone scales, which are black in color. It is known for its adaptability to different soil and climate conditions. The black pine can also withstand extreme temperatures and is therefore able to thrive in both hot Mediterranean and colder continental climates. It also serves as a habitat and food source for a variety of animals.

Its dense needles provide shelter and nesting opportunities for birds such as owls, woodpeckers, and songbirds. Squirrels and other rodents use the dense branches and twigs as hiding places. Insects such as beetles and butterflies also find habitat and can feed on the needles, bark, or wood of the tree.

• Origin: Southern and Central Europe
• Growth height: 25 to 45 meters
• Leaves: Needle-shaped leaves with a dark green color
• Flower: depending on location, between April and June; male flower cones are clustered at the ends of long shoots and grow to a length of 2–3 mm; female flower cones are short-stemmed and grow in groups of 2–4
• Fruit: horizontally protruding, egg-shaped, light brown cones
• Soil/location: dry, slightly acidic soils in partial shade