SchUM am Rhein - Jewish heritage for the world
The SchUM sites were declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO committee in 2021. They are the first Jewish World Heritage Site in Germany.
SchUM am Rhein - Jewish heritage for the world
The name "SchUM" is composed of the initial letters of the medieval Hebrew names Shin (Sch) for Shpira, Vav (U) for Warmaisa, and Mem (M) for Magenza.
At the beginning of the 13th century, the SchUM cities assumed a leading role in Ashkenazi Judaism with their decrees and Talmud schools.
Around 1200, the great Jewish scholar Isaac Or Sarua summed up the significance of SchUM in the following words: "How much our teachers in Mainz, Worms, and Speyer belong to the most learned of scholars, to the highest of saints...From there, the teaching goes out to all of Israel... Since the day of their founding, all communities have looked to them, on the Rhine and throughout the land of Ashkenaz." (Isaac Or Sarua, second half of the 12th century)
To this day, outstanding Jewish ritual buildings and funerary monuments from the Middle Ages have been preserved in the ShUM cities, such as the monumental mikveh and the synagogue in Speyer, consecrated around 1104, which is one of the oldest and most important north of the Alps, the Jewish cemetery Heiliger Sand in Worms, and the gravestones in the memorial cemetery in Mainz.
The UNESCO World Heritage Committee justified the inclusion in the World Heritage List on the grounds that the SchUM sites are pioneering Jewish community centers and cemeteries whose form and design had a decisive influence on Jewish architecture, ritual buildings, and burial culture throughout Central Europe north of the Alps, in northern France, and in England. No other place offers a comparable spectrum of Jewish community centers and cemeteries that bear witness to the cultural achievements of European Jews in the formative phase of the living tradition of Ashkenazi Judaism.
UNESCO World Heritage SchUM - History of the application
The decision has been made ...
The application has been submitted to UNESCO
The path to the UNESCO World Heritage List
Bridge from yesterday to today: association paves the way for UNESCO World Heritage Site
Which original features predestine the 3 SchUM cities for the UNESCO World Heritage List (Video).
Further information
- Official website of the SchUM cities
- Complete portrait of the SchUM sites on the website of the German UNESCO Commission
- ShUM Sites of Speyer, Worms and Mainz
Information in English and some more languages on the UNESCO website
- SchUM sites at Google Arts & Culture (opens in a new tab)
- SchUM app, 3 walks through the 1000 year old Magenza (opens in a new tab)

